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Date: Tue, 18 Feb 1997 23:11:26 -0500
From: Jeff Kell <jeff-kell@ut*.ed*>
Organization: University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
To: Don Brown <dbrown@me*.co*>
CC: techdiver@aquanaut.com
Subject: Re: tanks and buoyancy
Once again we seem to be flogging the greasy spot in the road where the
horse used to be...

"Buoyancy" refers to whether you are lighter or heavier than water.  If
you are lighter than water, you displace a volume of water equal to your
mass.  If you are heavier than water, you displace a volume of water
equal to your volume.  Remember Archimedes?

If you're negative, it doesn't matter much if it's a pound or a hundred,
you'll sink.  If you're positive, similar analogy but you float.  

To dive, you must be negative.  With [most if not all] steels you are 
negative empty or full; with [some if not all] aluminums you can be 
positive when empty.  The weight of the "air" is fixed.  You want to be
slightly negative with an empty tank and empty BC; with Al this takes 
more weight than steel [generally speaking].  So you carry more lead 
for Al or less for steel; big deal.  That figures on your finishing 
weighting requirements.  HP/LP low/high capacity tanks only increase 
the difference in weighting between full/empty, independent of tanks.
But since Al is generally positive, it takes more weight to offset the
buoyancy characteristics to start with than steel which may have you 
more or less negative to start with.

Yeah, they are generalizations, and I'm sure some nit-picking is to 
follow.  But air is air, not that much magic involved other than Al 
takes more weight to offset the *initial* empty positive buoyancy.
After that, all sides are essentially equal for a given volume of gas
at any pressure.

Jeff Kell <jeff-kell@ut*.ed*>
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