I have been following some of this thread and wanted to contribute these ideas: 1. 'Bondage' wings were primarily designed to keep the wing in close to prevent puncture while encountering sharp restrictions, such as encountered while wreck penetrating. I do not know that drag, quick and any position dumping, and slower inflation were major design considerations. **Well, they don't stay very close compared to other designs though I'm sure you're right in that it was at least a deliberate design feature and certainly touted as an advantage - just doesn't cut the bill very well. Just look at the volume when deflated just because of the mass of material. I can't really say what was in anyone's mind when they put it together. It just seemed reasonable that the power deflation would be a major point since it is a far more successful benifit than any attempt to hold them in close for protection seems to have been. Considering the nature of the kinds of snags in a real wreck about the only place that is really safe from them is inside the tank. **Actually Anthony is right about the slower inflation against the pressure of the bands being marginally helpful till you get the bands stretched pretty tight; I kind of threw that in just because it is there to some extent and sometimes you gota take all you can get. The small inflator orifice is the big thing on the issue of buying time to get things under control. 2. The bungees that keep the wing in close do not facilitate dumping from a dump valve in any position. If anything the preasure of the water does that. Ditto for quick dumping. **There is no pressure from the water. The gas in the bladder is at ambient pressure plus whatever is exerted by the bands. With wings that have no bands the air is simply held in a plastic bag that has no elasticity and the only pressure exerted is that of buoyancy of the contained bubble upward. This buoyancy is what forces the air out when you dump gas so that if you try to do so while upside down so that the dump valve is at the bottom of the bladder you will actually probably let water in rather than air out. With the bondage wings the pressure on the contained gas will force it out the lowest point just as if you were squeezing a grocery bag of air. So you can pull the dump valve on both the top and bottom and dump gas from both simultaneously if desired, or just the top, or just the bottom, or the power inflator without having to hold it higher than the bubble of contained gas. (you will probably get a tiny bit of water coming in in some cases but nothing worth mentioning) ** If any of you shop owners have a low range gauge you can hook up to one of these things it would be interesting to know just how much pressure is exerted on the gas by these bands at a couple of points of inflation. This could be subtracted from the actual intermediate pressure to find the effective intermediate pressure of inflation. 3. 'Bondage' wings and dual bladder wings neither contributed or bailed out the situation this particular diver was in. The second bladder/system is for failure of the primary bladder/system only. The bunges only keep the whole thing from going every which way. ** Not sure of what you're saying here. Agreed that the same thing would have happened with any wings since the source of the causative factor (stuck inflator) and the inability to dump gas (iced valves) was diver error regarding the disposition of a feature common to almost all buoyancy devices (inflators and dump valves). No particular design feature came into play here because nothing was working. However, if the dump valves had worked the pressurized deflation would have bailed him out - but fast ! Much faster than standard wings! 4. Dual bladder wings are designed to be dove using the primary bladder first and in the event of any problem with that system, (the bladder tearing, inflator malfunction, reg shut down, etc.) the air is dumped out and the second bladder/system used. They were never designed to be used simultaneously. ** Exactly ! Definitely should not be used simultaneously ! 5. If you have ice already formed in your gear from a previous dive and reenter the cold water it will take a long time for this water to melt the ice. Longer than most dives, including extreme ones. This is true for all really cold weather and water dives, ice diving or not. ** I would think you are probably right here and I defer to your first hand experience. Tom ** Chuck Boone -- Send mail for the `techdiver' mailing list to `techdiver@aquanaut.com'. Send subscribe/unsubscribe requests to `techdiver-request@aquanaut.com'.
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