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To: techdiver@opal.com
Subject: Re: bent sooner or later
From: zimmmt@au*.au*.al*.co* (Michael T Zimmerman)
Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 16:15:07 -0400 (EDT)
David Story writes:
>Keir Vaughan Taylor writes:
>> 
>> The premise is that all dive tables have a certain bend
>> percentage, e.g. American Navy tables at 5%

>Where did you find this figure? 

I suspect Keir got this figure from the same place that (many)
people (seem) to, just sort of an incomplete telling of
the US Navy tables history. 

To quote Lippman (without permission) _Deeper into Diving_ pg 215.
"At their acceptance trials in 1956, the schedules [USN tables] produced
and overall bends rate of 4.6%..."

and now the important part..

"... The schedules on which the bends occurred were then recalculated
and tested again (involving very few tests) until no bends occurred.
All schedules were then re-calculated in accordance to these 
modifications."

Lippman goes on to say that a 4.9% bends rate was found in the 
repetitive schedules but he was unsure as to whether these schedules
were also re-calculated.  For this latter info Lippmann cites

Thalmann, Butler (1983) "A procedure for doing multiple level dives
on Air using repetitive groups" US Navy Experimental Diving Unit
report no. 13-83

and

Des Granges, (1957) "Repetitive Diving Decompression Tables". US Navy
Experimental Diving Unit report no. 6-57.

so it appears that a 5% bends rate on single dives by USN tables is an
"urban lengend", but I am unsure what statements can be made about
repetitive dives on USN tables.  Perhaps someone can shed more
light on this.

Personally I always say that tables don't grant "permission" to do 
certain profiles, they just provide guidelines.  It's a give and
take.  If you "take" by pushing to the table limits, "give" a little
back with additional time on the safety and/or deco stops.

Hope this all helps more than it confuses,
Mike

PS. One of the more popular scuba rags had the 5% USN DCS rate listed
in their "diving myths" section.  

PPS.  Sorry to add several more references to the recent flurry.  The 
(inevitable) on-line access to all of these refs sure will be nice one
day...
-- 
Mike Zimmerman          zimmmt@au*.al*.co*          PADI AOW/deep/drift
My opinions, not Alcatel's  "make me an informed fool, not an ignorant one"

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