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To: "techdiver@opal.com"%BUNNY.dnet@gte.com
Subject: mixing & meters
From: <jheimann%scsd.dnet@gt*.co*>
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 93 13:11:22 -0400
Gordon describes a mixing procedure at a local shop, mentions that the O2 meter
used in the procedure is accurate to 0.1% and wonders whether partial pressure
mixing is that accurate.

First of all, the procedure described by Gordon is essentially the partial
pressure mixing technique used here.  Analysis of the resulting mix, and
adjusting based on the analysis, is always done with partial pressure mixing
unless the PO2 is not critical, and even then is almost always done.  An example
of a situation in which PO2 is not critical is if you are using a nitrox mix for
safety on 10 and 20 fsw deco stops (even pure O2 would be OK here for up to
45 min, depending on O2 exposure on the bottom), and are deco-ing according to
an air table.  In almost any other dive, especially those in which extended
bottom time due to EAD is used or in which PO2=1.6 ATAs is approached, the FO2
in the mix MUST be analyzed.

Several factors limit the accuracy of partial pressure mixing.  Among them are
limited accuracy of pressure gauges, and the fact that filling a tank raises its
temperature, so that measured pressure of gas when filling isn't the same as
when it is cool.  Typical procedure is to fill tanks, allow them to cool and
gases to mix, analyze them, adjust the fill, cool, and reanalyze.

Although the standard O2 meters in use here (e.g., the Teledyne) have a digital
readout which goes to 0.1%, in fact the accuracy of most O2 meters is limited by
the sensor to between 1-3%.  You can verify this yourself by taking repeated
measurements of the same mix - it seldom comes out exactly the same.

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