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Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 14:13:14 -0600
From: "Don W." <donw_s11@sw*.ne*>
Subject: New PFO study shows brain lesions
To: techdiver <techdiver@aquanaut.com>, Don Woodbridge <donw_s11@sw*.ne*>
Organization: Southwestern Bell Internet Services
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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In the continuing saga of why not to tech dive if you have
a PFO:

This story came from Reuters via Yahoo news.

http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/nm/19991129/sc/health_scuba_1.html

Later,

Don W.
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<b>Monday November 29 12:40 PM ET</b>
<title>Scuba Diving Dangerous for Heart Defect Sufferers</title>
<h2>Scuba Diving Dangerous for Heart Defect Sufferers</h2>
<!-- TextStart -->
<p>CHICAGO (Reuters) - Scuba diving can be dangerous for the
one out of every four people who have a common heart defect that
makes them susceptible to decompression sickness and brain
lesions, researchers said on Monday.<p>The heart condition, called patent
foramen ovale (PFO), is
an opening in the connection between the left and right sides of
the heart. Those with PFO can have relatively harmless skin
rashes or develop serious neurological problems such as vertigo
or even paralysis.<p>During dives, inert gas bubbles that form in the
bloodstream
can bypass the filter in the heart of PFO sufferers that would
normally send the bubbles to the lungs.<p>The bubbles then travel through
the body, causing
decompression sickness, and into the brain where they can create
lesions, said Michael Knauth, a radiologist at the University of
Heidelberg Medical School in Germany, who presented his findings
to the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North
America in Chicago.<p>Decompression sickness, which can be fatal, occurs
when gas
bubbles are released into tissue after a too rapid decrease in
air pressure following a stay in a compressed atmosphere -- such
as under water.<p>In cranial examinations of 88 scuba divers, Knauth said
four
of five divers with PFO were found to have several brain lesions
each. Brain lesions were rare among non-PFO divers.<p>``It is unclear
whether the brain lesions can cause
long-term problems, but common sense would tell you if you have
enough of them and they're in the right places, they could cause
problems, such as memory disturbances or difficulty
concentrating,'' Knauth said.<p>In another aspect of the study, 19 out of 24
divers who had
unexplained diving incidents, despite following the rules of
decompression such as descending and ascending slowly, turned
out to have PFO. Some also had large brain lesions.<p>``Divers with PFOs
should reduce the depth they are
descending to, not stay deep too long, ascend slowly, increase
the time they spend above water between dives and avoid several
descents during one dive,'' Knauth said.<p>Knauth suggested prospective
divers get tested for PFO
before being certified to dive.
<!-- TextEnd -->
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