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Date: Sat, 15 Aug 1998 00:27:38 +1000
From: Gerard Stainsby <gvs@oz*.co*.au*>
Organization: not much
To: techdiver@aquanaut.com
Subject: Re: Richard Roost: Dead on the Doria (YOU WON'T BELIVE WHY!!)
Bill Bott wrote:

> .... It seems that
> Richard is prone to seasickness.  It was not uncommon for him to use
> Dramamine!!!  A freaking sedative!!!  The damn fool apparently took
> Dramamine before the dive.  That explains why he just appeared to fall
> asleep.  He DID just fall asleep.

Dramamine: dimenhydrinate 50mg
Primary action: Histamine H1 receptor antagonist (antihistamine)

1. Especially if the drug's been taken within a few hours of
death, blood levels should be high enough that it should be
readily detectable to routine postmortem toxicological screening
(which commonly includes other related antihistamines).

Bill: do any of your sources have information on the results
of such a screen?

2. I have no info on research on this drug's side effects under
hyperbaric conditions (END 136 ft), but its sedative action
limits many people taking it even under normobaric conditions.
It is _not_ recommended to drive, operate machinery etc under
the influence of this drug.  The sedative action of this class
of drug is profoundly enhanced when combined with other sedative
factors.

I know of no other drugs, commonly taken for sea-sickness, which
may be safe under demanding conditions. (Although I do have
some pharmacological tricks up my drysuit sleeve, I cannot
guarantee their safety, and would not take them myself on a
challenging dive.)  Doubtless readers have their own opinions
on the subject, ranging from particular recipes to strict
non-use of drugs.

I note that in 7% of deaths examined by the NUADC drugs were
considered contributory to the deaths, but the reference I have
doesn't specify the type of drug (or the type of diving.)
In a test to 5.4 ATA, Walsh & Burch found that Dramamine impaired
cognitive function to a widely varying level (in hyperbaric air)
depending on individual susceptibility, but there was no specific
mention of unconsciousness.

regards,
gerards

refs:

1 Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
 7th edn., MacMillan Publishing. (I've got the 8th edn on CDROM.
Must fire it up one day...)

2 Edmonds, Lowry & Pennefather: Diving and Subaquatic Medicine
 3rd edn., Butterworth Heinemann.

3. Walsh & Burch (1979) The acute effects of commonly used drugs
on human performance in hyperbaric air. Undersea Biomedical Research
6 (suppl), 49. (Article not sighted, cited in #2)
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