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Date: Thu, 8 Feb 1996 07:25:29 -1000 (HST)
From: Richard Pyle <deepreef@bi*.bi*.Ha*.Or*>
To: Dan Volker <dlv@ga*.ne*>
Cc: techdiver@terra.net
Subject: Re: REBREATHERS#3; Including electronic failures
>      3.   Some manufacturers are touting nonredundant (three oxygen sensors  
>  do not qualify as redundancy because they are part and parcel of a single  
> averaging circuit) electronically controlled rebreathers as being safer than 
>  nonelectronic units. Again, hogwash. I'm sure that each and every person  
> reading this has had a radio, computer, electric clock and or an 
> electronically   controlled appliance fail on him. When it happens in a dry 
> environment, it's  merely an inconvenience. When it happens underwater, it 
> can very easily         become life threatening. 

On the subject of hogwash, please understand that not all rebreathers 
with three O2 sensors have them "part and parcel of a single averaging 
circuit" - in some cases, they really are redundant. It's also a common 
misconception that fully closed circuit rebreathers *rely* on 
electronics to function.
 
>      4.   Some manufacturers and users are saying that electrical displays 
> and manual gas bypasses allow the diver to safely "fly" rebreathers when the 
> electronics fail. There have been too many cases of divers ignoring their 
> displays during task overloads until they have passed out for this to be a 
> reasonable assumption. 

This is an extremely important point.  I'm fairly confident of two 
things: 1) people will die on rebreathers, and 2) most of them will die 
primarily because of user error.

> In addition, a diver should NOT be operating manual  
> bypasses when the breathing loop may contain a mixture that affects his 
> ability to reason. If a diver has ANY reason to suspect that all is not well 
> in  the breathing loop (including a "gut feeling"), he should immediately 
> switch  to an open circuit bailout. If he can then rationally decide that he 
> can safely
> continue on the breathing loop, then so be it. 

I agree with this statement 100%.

>                It looks like Bill Stone, Richard Nordstrom, Kevin Gurr and 
> cohorts are  the pace setters here. They appear to have the best handle on 
> the redundancy issue and are reported to be working on units for depths  
> greater than 17 ATA. Use an adequate gas supply on your open circuit  
> bailout, guys.

In my experience, allowing for Open Circuit bailout is 95% of the 
logistics for a deep (>5ATM) rebreather dive.  It seems to me that this 
should apply to all rebreathers, fully and semi-closed.  I've found that 
the best OC bailout solutions depend on a huge array of variables, and 
thus creating training standards and such will be a difficult task.  What 
is RBC's rcommended procedure for OC bailout shcemes for deeper 
decompression dives?

Aloha,
Rich

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